2018-12-26 14:37:24 +08:00
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id="2018-12-26-13-18"
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title="docker简单使用教程"
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headWord="报错是这么产生的，使用装有mysql的镜像创业一个容器，然后在容器中启动mysql就会报错，启动失败。"
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tags=["docker","mysql"]
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category="linux"
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serie="软件相关"
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---
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### 1、镜像操作
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#### 1. 列出镜像
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```bash
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docker images;
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```
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#### 2. 删除镜像
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```bash
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docker rmi 镜像id/镜像名:版本
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```
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#### 3. 搜索镜像
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```bash
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docker search 镜像名
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```
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#### 4. 拉取镜像
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```bash
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#如不加tag默认拉取latest
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docker pull name:tag
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```
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#### 5. 镜像导出/导入文件
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```bash
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# 使用name:tag或者id确定要导出的镜像，> 导出的路径
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docker save name:tag/id > /home/image-save.tar
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# 加载镜像文件到docker中
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docker load /home/image-save.tar
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```
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#### 6. 查看镜像创建历史
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```bash
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docker history [options] image
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# -H:已可读的格式打印镜像大小和日期，默认使用
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# --no-trunc：显示完整的提交记录
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# -q:仅列出提交记录id
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```
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#### 7. 容器保存为镜像
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```bash
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docker commit -m "提交信息" -a "作者信息" 容器id/容器名 镜像名:镜像tag
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```
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### 2.容器操作
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#### 1.通过镜像创建容器
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```bash
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docker run -itd -p 3306:3306 -p 9200:9200 --name oms_env oms_env:0.6
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# 参数说明
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-i 让容器的标准输入 通常it配合使用
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-t docker分配一个伪终端并绑定到容器的标准输入上
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-d 容器后台运行
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-p 小写p，hostPort:ContainerPort 绑定容器端口到当前主机端口
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-P 大写P，docker随机映射一个端口到容器内部开放的网络端口
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```
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#### 2.保存容器到文件/恢复文件到容器
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```bash
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# 保存容器到文件
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docker export 容器名/容器id > /home/container_export.tar
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docker import < /home/container_export.tar
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```
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#### 3.删除容器
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```bash
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docker rm 容器id/容器名
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```
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#### 4.拷贝文件到容器内
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```bash
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docker cp hostPath 容器id:containerPath
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#例如
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docker cp /home/ubuntu ecc:/home
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#将本机的/home/ubuntu目录拷贝到了以ecc开头的容器内的home目录
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```
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2018-12-26 17:25:19 +08:00
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#### 5.从容器拷贝文件到主机
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```bash
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docker cp 容器id:containerPath hostPath
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#例如
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docker cp ecc:/home/ubuntu /home
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#将ecc开头的容器内的ubuntu目录拷贝到了本机的/home目录
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```
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